Theoretical models suggest that these lapses may be due to the ‘perceptual decoupling’ of attention. on-task) stimulus-independent thinking during ongoing task performance, results in attentional performance lapses. There is growing evidence that mind wandering, described as off-task (vs.
From this perspective, the antithesis of a mind ‘at attention’ is a wandering mind. Such a training program would need to have as its primary goal strengthening attention and curbing the mind’s pervasive tendency to fluctuate from the external task environment toward internally generated thoughts, feelings, and preoccupations, which may be unrelated to the task at hand. While this expertise is achieved after a few short weeks of basic training, training to promote a mind ‘at attention’ seems far more elusive. Soldiers are experts at standing at attention, a body posture that conveys motionless alertness. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. Mindfulness-Based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT) and MMFT are registered trademarks. She was not involved in the data collection or analysis. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: ES is the creator of Mindfulness-Based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT) and founder of the nonprofit Mind Fitness Training Institute (MFTI), established to support the delivery of MMFT. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This research was supported by Department of Army ( ) grants #W81XWH-09-C-0072 and W81XWH-11-2-0124 to APJ. Received: JAccepted: DecemPublished: February 11, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Jha et al. PLoS ONE 10(2):Īcademic Editor: Suliann Ben Hamed, Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, FRANCE As such, training-focused MT programs should be further examined in cohorts experiencing protracted high-demand intervals.Ĭitation: Jha AP, Morrison AB, Dainer-Best J, Parker S, Rostrup N, Stanley EA (2015) Minds “At Attention”: Mindfulness Training Curbs Attentional Lapses in Military Cohorts. In sum, while protracted periods of high-demand military training may increase attentional performance lapses, practice-focused MT programs akin to training-focused MT may bolster attentional performance more than didactic-focused programs. From T1 to T2, A’ degraded in NTC and didactic-focused MT but remained stable in training-focused MT and CIV.
Yet, there were significantly fewer performance lapses in the military cohorts receiving MT relative to NTC, with training-focused MT outperforming didactic-focused MT at T2. CIV at T2, suggesting that performance suffers after enduring a high-demand predeployment interval relative to a similar time period of civilian life. Attentional performance (measured by A’, a sensitivity index) was lower in NTC vs. Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) performance was indexed in all military groups and a no-training civilian group (CIV, n = 45) before (T1) and after (T2) the MT course period. One group received an 8-hour, 8-week variant of Mindfulness-based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT) emphasizing engagement in training exercises (training-focused MT, n = 40), a second group received a didactic-focused variant emphasizing content regarding stress and resilience (didactic-focused MT, n = 40), and the third group served as a no-training control (NTC, n = 24). Two of the three groups were provided MT. To better understand which aspects of MT programs are most beneficial, three military cohorts were examined. Here, we investigated if MT may mitigate these deleterious effects and promote cognitive resilience in military cohorts enduring a high-demand interval of predeployment training. Periods of persistent and intensive demands may compromise attention and increase off-task thinking. We investigated the impact of mindfulness training (MT) on attentional performance lapses associated with task-unrelated thought (i.e., mind wandering).
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